Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Language: English
ISBN: 019853096X
Date: 2005-08-09
Paperback: 568 pages
Format: PDF
Description:

Recent discoveries in astronomy, especially those made with data collected by satellites such as the Hubble Space Telescope and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, have revolutionized the science of cosmology. These new observations offer the possibility that some long-standing mysteries in cosmology might be answered, including such fundamental questions as the ultimate fate of the universe. Foundations of modern cosmology provides an accessible, thorough and descriptive introduction to the physical basis for modern cosmological theory, from the big bang to a distant future dominated by dark energy. This second edition includes the latest observational results and provides the detailed background material necessary to understand their implications, with a focus on the specific model supported by these observations, the concordance model. Consistent with the book’s title, emphasis is given to the scientific framework for cosmology, particularly the basics concepts of physics that underlie modern theories of relativity and cosmology; the importance of data and observations is stressed throughout. The book sketches the historical background of cosmology, and provides a review of the relevant basic physics and astronomy. After this introduction, both special and general relativity are treated, before proceeding to an in-depth discussion of the big bang theory and physics of the early universe. The book includes current research areas, including dark matter and structure formation, dark energy, the inflationary universe, and quantum cosmology. The authors’ website (http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~jh8h/Foundations) offers a wealth of supplemental information, including questions and answers, references to other sources, and updates on the latest discoveries.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Language: English
ISBN: 0521852269
Date: 2008-01-31
Paperback: 376 pages
Format: PDF
Description:

Our knowledge of Mars has changed dramatically in the past 40 years due to the wealth of information provided by Earth-based and orbiting telescopes, and spacecraft investigations. Recent observations suggest that water has played a major role in the climatic and geologic history of the planet. This book covers our current understanding of the planet’s formation, geology, atmosphere, interior, surface properties, and potential for life. This interdisciplinary text encompasses the fields of geology, chemistry, atmospheric sciences, geophysics, and astronomy. Each chapter introduces the necessary background information to help the non-specialist understand the topics explored. It includes results from missions through 2006, including the latest insights from Mars Express and the Mars Exploration Rovers. Containing the most up-to-date information on Mars, this is book is an important reference for graduate students and researchers.

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Publisher: Wiley
Language: English
ISBN: 0471696579
Date: 2007
Paperback: 288 pages
Format: PDF
Description:

The night sky holds endless fascination for anyone who chooses simply to look up and observe, but with so much to see, it can be difficult to know where to start. This remarkable book introduces you to the fifty best sights in astronomy and tells you exactly how to see them. In no time at all, you will learn how to find and appreciate the Orion group of constellations; the Summer Triangle; Venus, Jupiter, and Mars; the best meteor showers; man-made satellites; star clusters; novae; variable stars; and more. Once you start gazing, you’ll see that the sky really is the limit—and discovering its amazing treasures will become your lifetime passion.

The sights are presented according to the field of view necessary to see them. Your eyes and a clear night sky are all you need to view the sights in the first part of the book, before moving on to those that can be observed through binoculars and, finally, a telescope. Concise descriptions and explanations of these spectacular visual wonders will deepen your appreciation of them and spur further exploration. You will also find the essential basic information on astronomical observation you need to get started, including observing conditions, techniques, telescopes, and astronomical measurements.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Language: English
ISBN: 0521772184
Date: 2000
Paperback: 273 pages
Format: PDF
Description:


Like the Earth and planets, stars rotate. Understanding how stars rotate is central to modelling their structure, formation and evolution, and how they interact with their environment and companion stars. This authoritative volume provides a lucid introduction to stellar rotation and the definitive reference to the subject. It combines theory and observation in a comprehensive survey of how the rotation of stars affects the structure and evolution of the Sun, single stars, and close binaries. This timely book will be of primary interest to graduate students and researchers studying solar and stellar rotation and close binary systems.

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Publisher: Chelsea House Publications
Language: English
ISBN: 081605746X
Date: 2006
Paperback: 225 pages
Format: PDF
Description:


Astronomy poses many of the same questions that religion does, the deepest questions a human being can ask: What is the universe? How big is it? How did it begin? How will it end? What part do we play in it? Are we alone? Through most of history, in fact, astronomy was part of religion. The astronomers of ancient times usually were priests.

Astronomy in the 20th century changed humans’ understanding as profoundly as Copernicus and Galileo did. At the start of the century, soon after George Ellery Hale, the first astronomer covered in this book, built his first large telescope, people thought the solar system was essentially at the center of the universe, much as people of Copernicus’s time had believed the Earth was.

By the end of the century, that picture had altered completely. Astronomers had shown that the Sun is a rather average star, located on one of the Milky Way’s spiral arms rather than in the galaxy’s center. The solar system is one of an untold number of planetary systems. Similarly, the Milky Way is just one among billions of galaxies. Those galaxies, in turn, are mere specks compared to vast masses of invisible, or “dark,” matter surrounding them, whose nature is completely unknown.

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Publisher: Springer
Language: English
ISBN: 0387335439
Paperback: 619 pages
Format: PDF
Description:


This book gives an extended review of theoretical and observational aspects of neutron star physics. With masses comparable to that of the Sun and radii of about ten kilometres, neutron stars are the densest stars in the Universe. This book describes all layers of neutron stars, from the surface to the core, with the emphasis on their structure and equation of state. Theories of dense matter are reviewed, and used to construct neutron star models. Hypothetical strange quark stars and possible exotic phases in neutron star cores are also discussed. Also covered are the effects of strong magnetic fields in neutron star envelopes and a comparison on neutron star models with observations. ”

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Publisher: Springer
Language: English
ISBN: 1852330007
Paperback: 260 pages
Format: PDF
Description:

Many amateur astronomers make their own instruments, either because of financial considerations or because they are just interested. Amateur Telescope Making offers a variety of designs for telescopes, mounts and drives which are suitable for the home-constructor. The designs range from simple to advanced, but all are within the range of a moderately well-equipped home workshop. The book not only tells the reader what he can construct, but also what it is sensible to construct given what time is available commercially. Thus each chapter begins with reasons for undertaking the project, then looks at theoretical consideration before finishing with practical instructions and advice. An indication is given as to the skills required for the various projects. Appendices list reputable sources of (mail order) materials and components. The telescopes and mounts range from “shoestring” (very cheap) instruments to specialist devices that are unavailable commercially.

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Publisher: Springer
Language: English
ISBN: 0387345213
Date:2007-12-17
Paperback: 240 pages
Format: PDF
Description:


This is the book to tell the intermediate-level amateur astronomer what he needs to know about observatories. It draws on the authors practical experience and that of many other experienced amateur astronomers.
It is an ideal complement to Patrick Moores More Small Astronomical Observatories which is a compendium of ideas for different observatory designs. Setting-up a Small Observatory covers the details of design, siting and construction once a basic type has been decided upon.
It is written in a way that is equally applicable to the USA and UK (where there are slightly different building regulations) and deals with matters that are basic to building and commissioning any amateur observatory. Uniquely, David Arditti also considers the aesthetics of amateur observatories fitting them in with family and neighbors, and maybe disguising them as more common garden buildings if necessary.
Every amateur astronomer who wants a purpose-built observatory (and that is most of them!) will find this book absolutely invaluable both during the planning and the construction stages.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Language: English
ISBN: 0521462304
Date: 1996-09-28
Paperback: 512 pages
Format: Djvu
Description:

This innovative book provides a clear and pedagogical introduction to research through a series of problems and answers. The author has designed the problems to develop each core topic in a simple and coherent way, and he provides full solutions to make this book completely self-contained. The first half of the book covers the core subjects of astrophysical processes, gravitational dynamics, radiative processes, fluid mechanics and general relativity. The second half uses these concepts to develop modern cosmology; topics include the Friedmann model and thermal history, the dynamics of dark matter and baryons in an expanding universe, the physics of high-redshift objects and the very early universe. This unique self-study textbook will be of key interest to graduate students and researchers in cosmology, astrophysics, relativity and theoretical physics. It is particularly well suited to graduate-level courses.

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Publisher: Delft Univ Pr
Language: English
ISBN: 9040724539
Date: 2003-12
Paperback: 502 pages
Format: PDF
Description:

This is a Ph.D. dissertation. The response of aircraft to stochastic atmospheric turbulence plays an important role in, for example, aircraft design (load calculations) and flight simulation (handling qualities research and pilot training). In order to simulate these aircraft responses, an accurate mathematical model is required. Two classical models will be discussed in this thesis that is the Delft University of Technology (DUT) model and the Four Point Aircraft (FPA) model. Although they are well established, their fidelity remains obscure. The cause lies in one of the requirements for system identification; it has always been necessary to relate inputs to outputs to determine, or identify, system dynamic characteristics. From experiments, using both the measured input and the measured output, a mathematical model of any system can be obtained.

When considering an input-output system such as an aircraft subjected to stochastic atmospheric turbulence, a major problem emerges. During flight tests, no practical difficulty arises measuring the aircraft-system’s outputs, such as the angle-of-attack, the pitch-angle, the roll-angle, etc. However, a huge problem arises when the input to the aircraft-system is considered; this input is stochastic atmospheric turbulence in this thesis. Currently, it still remains extremely difficult to identify the entire flowfield around an aircraft’s geometry subjected to a turbulent field of flow; an infinite amount of sensors would be required to identify the atmospheric turbulence velocity component’s distribution (the input) over it. As a consequence, it is difficult, if not impossible, to identify atmospheric turbulence models from flight tests.

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Publisher: Springer
Language: English
ISBN: 354034411X
Paperback: 498 pages
Format: PDF
Description:


In the last 45 years, X-ray astronomy has become an integral part of modern astrophysics and cosmology. There is a wide range of astrophysical objects and phenomena, where X-rays provide crucial diagnostics. In particular they are well suited to study hot plasmas and matter under extreme physical conditions in compact objects. This book summarizes the present status of X-ray astronomy in terms of observational results and their astrophysical interpretation. It is written for students, astrophysicists as well a growing community of physicists interested in the field. An introduction including historical material is followed by chapters on X-ray astronomical instrumentation. The next two parts summarize in 17 chapters the present knowledge on various classes of X-ray sources in the galactic and extragalactic realm. While the X-ray astronomical highlights discussed in this book are mainly based on results from ROSAT, ASCA, RXTE, BeppoSAX, Chandra and XMM-Newton, a final chapter provides an outlook on observational capabilities and projects discussed for the fut

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Publisher: CRCS Publications
Language: English
ISBN: 0916360490
Date: 1990-01
Format: PDF
Description: This book contains mainly keywords and general directions to guide the reader what the planets, signs, houses and aspects mean in a broader sense. It may give novices introduction to astrology, but more advanced readers may not find the contents adequate for birth chart interpretation.

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Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Language: English
ISBN: 0750309466
Paperback: 493 pages
Date: 2003-08-01
Format: PDF
Description: Providing a comprehensive and clear account of the instruments and techniques used in modern astronomy and astrophysics, the fourth edition of Astrophysical Techniques continues to offer information on all astronomical observations. Retaining the aims of earlier editions, the author unifies the concepts through lucid language and cohesive organization of the book. Revised and updated, this book encompasses an ever-diverging array of observational techniques using the detection-imaging-ancillary instruments pattern. The first several sections emphasize the detection of radiation or other information carrier as well as the instruments and techniques used to facilitate and optimize that detection. Later chapters discuss photometers and spectroscopes in detail while also examining the techniques of astrometry, polarimetry, and magnetometry. New to the Fourth Edition: · Many instruments and techniques included for the first time · A section that supplies Web sites and online resources · Elimination of archaic topics, providing the most up-to-date information available Astrophysical Techniques, Fourth Edition maintains comprehensive coverage of the instruments and techniques used in current astronomy and astrophysics, making it a superb reference for undergraduate and postgraduate students in astronomy, amateur astronomers, and professional astronomers.

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Publisher: AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Ast
Language: English
ISBN: 1563475405
Paperback: 597 pages
Date: 2004-10-30
Format: PDF
Description: An introduction to virtually all aspects of the technology of composite materials as used in aeronautical design and structure. This text discusses important differences in the technology of composites from that of metals: intrinsic substantive differences and their implications for manufacturing processes, structural design procedures, and in-service performance of the materials, particularly regarding the cause and nature of damage that may be sustained.

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Publisher: Springer
Language: English
ISBN: 0387731547
Paperback: 258 pages
Date: 2008-04-18
Format: PDF
Description: The book covers the field of solar system astrophysics beginning with basic tools of spherical astronomy and coordinate frames and celestial mechanics. Historical introductions precede the development and discussion in most chapters.

After a basic treatment of the two- and restricted three-body system motions, perturbations are discussed, and then the Earth’s gravitational potential field and its effects on satellite orbits. Next follow chapters on the Earth-Moon system and the interior planets. Surfaces are treated as well as the interiors and atmospheres, developing appropriate mathematical tools and the basic geophysics, mineralogy, crystallography, and meteorology required for comprehension. Chapters 5 and 6 involve pedagogically clear, illustrated discussions of the numerical integration of the Adams-Williamson equation and the equations of state in planetary interiors. The discussion of rocks and minerals includes crystallography, essential for understanding the state of matter in planetary interiors and moon rocks. The atmospheres chapters includes detailed discussions of circulation, applicable also to the subsequent discussion of the gas giants. A comparative planetary approach is given to discussions of the atmospheric and ionospheric chemistry, magnetospheres, and crustal properties. The giant planets are discussed together, and the thermal excess of three of them highlighted. This is followed by chapters on moons and rIngs, mainly in the context of dynamical stability, comets and meteors, meteorites and asteroids, and concludes with an extensive discussion of extrasolar planets. The material has been updated in the last few months to take advantage of the newer discoveries of the Mars Rover and the Saturn Cassini missions.

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Publisher: Addison Wesley
Language: English
ISBN: 0321442849
Paperback: 1400 pages
Date: 2006-09-30
Format: Djvu
Description: An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics
By Dale A. Ostlie

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Publisher: Wiley-VCH
Language: English
ISBN: 3527406689
Paperback: 296 pages
Date: 2007
Format: PDF
Description: This concise yet comprehensive treatment of the effects of spaceflight on biological systems includes issues at the forefront of life sciences research, such as gravitational biology, immune system response, bone cell formation and the effects of radiation on biosystems. Edited by a leading specialist at the European Space Agency (ESA) with contributions by internationally renowned experts, the chapters are based on the latest space laboratory experiments, including those on SPACELAB, ISS, parabolic flights and unmanned research satellites.
An indispensable source for biologists, medical researchers and astronautics experts alike.

The results of Space flight experiments, ground controls and flight simulations pave the way for a better understanding of gravity reactions in various organisms down to molecular mechanisms. This publication marks also the beginning of a new Space flight era with the construction and exploitation of the International Space Station (ISS) which provides a platform for an in-depth continuation of experiments under weightlessness in Low Earth Orbit and beyond.

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