Product Description: It was only in the early 1990s that carbenes with the carbene carbon being incorporated in a nitrogen containing heterocycle (N-heterocyclic carbenes or NHCs) were found to be stable enough to be isolated. Since the first report on the application of NHCs as ligands in transition metal catalysis in 1995, NHC have found numerous applications and have been established as a versatile and indispensable class of ligands. For many reactions like metathesis or cross-coupling reactions NHCs have often become the ligands of choice, allowing otherwise difficult transformations. In this book leading experts have surveyed major areas of application of NHC metal complexes in catalysis. The authors have placed a special focus on nickel- and palladium-catalyzed reactions, on applications in metathesis reactions, on oxidation reactions and on the use of chiral NHC-based catalysts. This compilation is rounded out by an introductory chapter and a chapter dealing with synthetic routes to NHC metal complexes. The use of NHC as ligands in catalysis has reached a certain level of maturity and this book allows the reader to get a balanced view of this increasingly important ligand class. Read more...

Product Description: This extensively revised and updated second edition of the only data handbook available on the engineering properties of commercial polymeric films details many physical, mechanical, optical, electrical, and permeation properties within the context of specific test parameters, providing a ready reference for comparing materials in the same family as well as materials in different families. Data are presented on the characteristics of 47 major plastic and elastomer packaging materials. New to this edition, the resin chapters each contain textual summary information including category, general description, processing methods, applications, and other facts as appropriate, such as reliability, weatherability, and regulatory approval considerations for use in food and medical packaging. Extensive references are provided. The resin chapter material supplier trade name product data are presented in graphical and tabular format, with results normalized to SI units, retaining the familiar format of the 1st edition and allowing easy comparison between materials and test conditions. Read more...

Product Description: An excellent introduction to the real world of environmental work, this title helps both college students and working professionals improve their understanding of the data collection process. It covers all phases of data collection (planning, field sampling, laboratory analysis, and data quality assessment), and is a single source comprehensive reference for the resolution of the most common problems that environmental professionals face daily in their work. Why This Title This title is written in a clear and logical manner that is accessible to environmental professionals of all disciplines. It contains hundreds of practical tips on planning, sampling, and interactions with analytical laboratories. Having this text as a desk reference will greatly improve skills in planning and sampling, and elevate understanding of chemical data to a new level. This topic is of importance to a wide range of environmental professionals from a variety of disciplines (see audience). Written by a practicing professional for practicing professionals, this handbook provides everything an environmental professional needs to know to competently collect environmental chemical data. Read more...

Der altgriechische Philosoph Aristoteles hat als erster versucht, den stofflichen Aufbau der Schopfung zu beschreiben. Nach seiner Lehre bestand die Materie aus vier Grundstoffen, die er "Elemente" nannte: Erde, Wasser, Luft und Feuer. Damit hat er eigentlich nur die Zustande beschrieben, in denen sich Stoffe befinden konnen, und zwar fest, flussig und gasformig. Wegen ihrer eindrucksvollen Hitze und Leuchtkraft galten ihm brennende Stoffe als ein eigenes Element. Read more...

Product Description: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Second Edition - the first mechanistic-oriented book written at a level that organic chemistry students will understand! Specifically, the focus on mechanisms is a unifying theme, rather then just an organizing principle. Organizationally mainstream, it is unique in bringing in mechanisms as a unifying principle, and reactions are organized by mechanism type not by functional groups. And now, text/media integration has never been so seamless with the introduction of Organic ChemistryNow for ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Second Edition. Read more...

Product Description: This monograph represents an extension of the author's original PhD thesis and includes a more thorough discussion on the concepts and mathematics behind his research works on the foam model, as applied to studying issues of phase stability and elasticity for various non-closed packed structures found in fuzzy and colloidal crystals, as well as on a renormalization-group analysis regarding the critical behavior of loop polymers upon which topological constraints are imposed. The common thread behind these two research works is their demonstration of the importance and effectiveness of utilizing geometrical and topological concepts for modeling and understanding soft systems undergoing phase transitions. Read more...

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Following the success of ACIC 2002, this is the 2nd International Conference focusing on the application and further exploitation of advanced composites in construction held at the University of Surrey in April 2004. Read more...

Product Description: Carbon is a vital component of environmental and economic systems. Its unique chemistry makes it important biologically, geologically, and climatically. Its domestication in time and space has many manifestations, including the control of fire, development of agriculture, fossil-fuel use and biotechnology. All have exacted an environmental price. Many agencies exist to manage carbon through conservation, etc. Carbon management is now a highly charged international political issue in which energy provision is a primary factor. This cross-disciplinary text focuses on the pivotal role of carbon in society and in the environment. Read more...

Embarking on a new millennium, the book in hands describes the recent developments of organsoselenium chemistry in all facets. Various distinguished scientists have contributed, with their skill and expertise, making this book a valuable source for synthetic oriented organic chemists and for those, who want to get a first insight into the chemistry of selenium. Read more...

Product Description: Hubert Rehm's Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics is more than a laboratory manual it is a strategic guide that provides the reader with tips and tricks for more successful lab experiments. Using a conversational yet professional tone, Rehm provides an overview of a variety of methods in protein biochemistry/proteomics. He provides short and precise summaries of routine procedures as well as listings of the advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods. Readers will immediately sense that the author if very familiar with the challenges, and frustration of the daily lab routine. Never before has such an honest, tactical guide been available for those conducting lab experiments within the field of biochemistry. · Shows how to avoid experimental dead ends and helps users develop an instinct for the right experiment at the right time · Contains short and precise summaries of routine procedures (e.g. column chromatography, gel electrophoresis), and lists the advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods · Includes over 100 detailed figures and tables · Contains a chapter on proteomics Read more...

Product Description: There are strong indications that, in the 21st century, computational chemistry will be a prime research tool not only for the basic sciences but also for the life and materials sciences. Recent developments in nanotechnology allow us to detect a layer of single atoms. Researchers are able not only to image but also to manipulate molecules and atoms. It does not take much imagination to realize that before performing such a task on a real system it is much easier and faster to study models on computers. That is the aim of this volume - it provides up-to-date reviews which cover representative areas of computational chemistry. In Chapter 1, Y. Ishikawa and M.J. Vilkas provide a review of multi-reference Moller-Plesset (MR-MP) perturbation theory. Fifteen years ago Roberto Car of Princeton University and Michele Parrinello of Max Planck Institute introduced a method that revolutionized electronic structure calculations for molecules, liquids and solids. Ursula Rothlisberger, a former member of Parrinello's group, reviews the formation of the method in its most common implementations in Chapter 2. In the third chapter, Isaac B. Bersuker describes the general theory of the combined quantum mechanics-molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach. In Chapter 4, Marcel Allavena and David White present a review of applications of computational chemistry to proton transfer, the primary process for acid-base chemistry on zeolites. Chapter 5 is a review by S. Roszak and J. L Read more...

Product Description: This comprehensive study covers all types of corrosion of austenitic stainless steel. It also covers methods for detecting corrosion and investigating corrosion-related failure, together with guidelines for improving corrosion protection of steels. Read more...

Product Description: The book that highlights mass spectrometry and its application in characterizing proteins and peptides in drug discovery An instrumental analytical method for quantifying the mass and characterization of various samples from small molecules to large proteins, mass spectrometry (MS) has become one of the most widely used techniques for studying proteins and peptides over the last decade. Bringing together the work of experts in academia and industry, Protein and Peptide Mass Spectrometry in Drug Discovery highlights current analytical approaches, industry practices, and modern strategies for the characterization of both peptides and proteins in drug discovery. Illustrating the critical role MS technology plays in characterizing target proteins and protein products, the methods used, ion mobility, and the use of microwave radiation to speed proteolysis, the book also covers important emerging applications for neuroproteomics and antigenic peptides. Placing an emphasis on the pharmaceutical industry, the book stresses practice and applications, presenting real-world examples covering the most recent advances in mass spectrometry, and providing an invaluable resource for pharmaceutical scientists in industry and academia, analytical and bioanalytical chemists, and researchers in protein science and proteomics. Read more...